黄果茄植物提取物的灭螺效果及对鱼类和大鼠急性毒性试验研究

Study on the effect of killing snail and acute toxicity test of fish and mouse with extraction of Solanum xanthocarpum

目的 掌握和了解黄果茄植物提取物 (SX)对钉螺的杀灭效果和对鱼类以及大鼠的急性毒性作用。方法 进行了常规的灭螺试验和鱼类急性毒性试验以及大鼠急性经口毒性试验。结果 SX浓度为 4.32 m g/ L时浸泡湖北钉螺 ,2 4h死亡率为 96 .7% ,48h死亡率达 10 0 % ;SX对鱼类稀有鱼句鲫的急性毒性试验 ,在 0 .2 7mg/ L浓度中 ,2 4h的死亡率为 0 ,在 17.2 8m g/ L浓度中 ,2 4h死亡率为 10 0 % ;SX对稀有鱼句鲫的 L C50 为 2 .0 2mg/ L ,95 %的可信限为 1.33～ 3.0 6 mg/ L。对大鼠急性经口毒性的绝对致死剂量为 2 15 0 m g/ kg体重 ,L D50 为794m g/ kg体重 ,95 %可信限为 5 84～ 10 80 m g/ kg体重。结论 SX具有较好的灭螺效果 ,但对鱼类稀有鱼句鲫有中等毒性作用 。

Objective To understand the effect of the killing snail and acute toxicity related to the extraction of Solanum xanthocarpum to fish and mouse.Methods The normal test of killing snail and acute toxicity test to fish and mouse were carried out in laboratory.Results The mortality of the snail was 96.7% when they were immersed in the solution of 4.32 mg/L for 24 h,the mortality of 100% to the snail was under the solution of 4.32 mg/L for 48 h; the mortality of SX to rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) was zero under the concentration 0.27 mg/L for 24 h,and was 100% under the concentration 17.28 mg/L for 24 h.LC 50 of SX to rare minnow was 2.02 mg/L,and the 95% confidence limits was 1.33~3.06 mg/L.The acute toxicity test on mortality to mouse was 2 150 mg/kg bw by mouth,LD 50 of SX to mouse was 794 mg/kg bw,and the 95% confidence limits was 584~1 080 mg/kg bw.Conclusions The findings indicated SX not only has a high effect to the killing snail and also belongs to middle toxicity material to fish of rare minnow and low toxicity material of mouse.