甲基丙烯酸锌/丁腈橡胶纳米-微米混杂复合材料 Ⅰ.微观结构与力学性能

ZDMA/NBR nano-micro composite——I.Microstructure and mechanical properties

用SEM和TEM对甲基丙烯酸锌(ZDMA)粒子及其填充的丁腈橡胶(NBR)混炼胶和硫化胶进行了观察,结果发现,在溶解效应和剪切效应的共同作用下,大多数ZDMA粒子在其NBR混炼胶中的尺寸由混入前的几十微米缩小到10μm以下;进而由过氧化物引发进行原位自聚合并参与交联反应,大部分粒子尺寸继续缩小,并生成20～30nm的聚甲基丙烯酸锌粒子。最终的复合材料中含有大量的纳米粒子和少量残余的微米粒子,可称为纳米-微米混杂复合材料。研究了4种丙烯酸金属盐增强NBR的力学性能,结果表明它们的综合力学性能均高于用炭黑N220增强的橡胶,具有较高的拉伸强度、100%定伸应力和撕裂强度。

The particles of ZDMA, mixing compound and vulcanizate of ZDMA/NBR were observed by means of SEM and TEM. The dimension of most of ZDMA particles in ZDMA/NBR mixing compounds decreased from several decades μm before mixing to less than 10 μm after mixing, due to solvent effect and shear effect. During crosslinking of the composite, in-situ polymerization of ZDMA was initiated by peroxide, thus causing further decreasing of dimension of most of ZDMA particles, and generating PZDMA nano particles (20～30 nm). The obtained composite possessing a large amount of nano particles and a little amount of micro particles was termed nano-micro composite. The mechanical properties of NBR composites reinforced by 4 kinds of metallic salts of acrylate were studied. The results showed that their comprehensive properties were better than that of NBR filled with carbon black N 220. These composites possessed high tensile strength, tensile modulus,and high tear strength.