陕北地区谷子双料沟垄组合覆盖增产机理

Mechanism for Mulching Increasing Foxtail Millet Yields in North Shaanxi Region with Plastic Film on the Ridge and Straw in the Ditch

连续 3 a试验研究结果表明 ,陕北丘陵沟壑区旱梯田采取双料沟垄组合覆盖 ,可明显改善土壤水、气、热环境状况。通过减少裸露地表的无效蒸发 ,加快植株生育进程 ,缓解土壤温度的巨变 ,增加土壤有机质含量 ,从而提高降水利用率 ,为谷子的增产创造良好的土壤环境。试验谷子采取双料沟垄组合覆盖措施 ,较对照平均增产 67.9% ,比地膜覆盖增产 1 1 .8%。

Results from the 3 years of field experiment indicate, that the mulching measure with plastic film on the ridge and straw in the ditch in the dry terraced land in North Shaanxi Loess Plateau hilly and gully region could improve the soil water, air and temperature condition. Further more, it could improve the utilization ratio of rainfall decreasing the unnecessary evaporation from uncovered soil surface, optimizing the growing course of crop, slowing down the great change of soil temperature, improving the quantity of soil organic matter. Then it could bring about a good soil environment condition for increasing foxtail millet yield, which was 65.8% higher than that of the control, and 11.8% higher than that of plastic film mulching. The measure of straw film mulching is an effective way to increasing the utilization ratio of rainfall on dry terrace land in the hilly and gully region of the Northern Loess Plateau.