论“差”字的音义

On the Sound and Meaning of the Character cha("差")

借助《经典释文》及慧琳《一切经音义》等著作,探讨“差”字的音义之别:论证了“差”用在人名、官名,借作嗟叹的“嗟”,训为磨搓义,原数的一半义,用在联绵字“参差”“差池”中的读音;讨论了“差”变调构词情况,对它们的变调构词的词义发展源流作了分析;研究了字书对“差”字音义的不同反映及其产生的原因,从而也附带得出诸字书收字收音方面的若干特点;探讨了“差”字几个读音的上古来源,从而初步清理出了“差”字从上古到中古的韵母的发展线索。

This paper explores the fine difference bet ween t he s oud and t he meani ng of t he Chi nes e character cha through the works by Lu Demingand others.It demons t at es t hat cha can be us ed bot h i n the personal namesand in the official names,whichpossess different meaningsand pronunciations.It di-scusses the tonal modificationand word formation of cha and analyz es t he devel opment al t r end of t he l-exical meaningin the modifiedtone and word building.It studise the different reflections and the his-tori cal grounds underlyingthe sound and meaningof the word cha.It also expl or es t he anci ent s our ce of several pronunciationsof cha,thus sorting out the developmentalclues of that word descendedfrom the ancient ages to the middleancient times.