可持续发展观与生存观念的转变

The Sustainable Development and The Reform of Existence Idea

作为人类生活中的一项具有实质内容与深远意义的变革 ,可持续发展观不仅是人类社会运作模式的自主性的和整体性的变革 ,而且必然还包含着并要求具体体现为人类社会诸主体的生存观念的重大变革 ,这就是从那种根深蒂固的动物性的、重占有的、片面的生存观念 (“生存 1”)提升到注重生存意义与生命质量 ,强调人、社会、自然全面协调发展因而具有自我反思、约束及调节机制与效应的属人的生存观念 (“生存 2”)。传统的唯经济发展观之所以只能从“生存 1”去理解人的生存 ,在于其人的假设是“经济人”与“动物人”,而可持续发展观之对应于“生存 2”,就在于相应的人的假设是“全面发展的人”,也只有从“全面发展的人”所蕴含的“生态人”去理解 ,“生存 1”才能得到积极的和建设性的理解。所谓“一要生存、二要发展”中的“生存”也需要从“生存 2”去理解 ,发展只是实现生存的手段 ,“生存 2”才是发展的目的。在全球化背景下 ,中华民族的可持续发展与振兴道路所指向的目标绝不只是“生存 1”,而是“生存 2”

As an essential transformation of Human being's life, sustainable development is not only an independent and whole reform of society mode, but also includes and behaves as an important reform of existence idea, that is, from the old existence idea of animal, possessive and unilateral (named 'existence 1' )to the new existence idea that stresses on life quality, and insists on harmony of Human being, society and nature (named 'existence 2'). Existence 2 related to self reflection and self adjustment is just fitted for the sustained development, it means human being should be developed in all aspects and is connected naturally to ' zoology person'. 'existence 1' is only the measure of development, just as development is only the measure of existence. The real target of development is 'existence 2'.