学习优秀与学习不良大学生的学习动机、自我效能和归因的比较

Comparison of the Two Kinds of College Students in Motivation,Self-efficiency and Contribution in Learning.

目的 探讨大学生成绩不良的原因和转化途径。方法 用学习动机量表、自我效能感量表和学习归因量表对学习优秀和学习不良的大学生进行测量和对比。结果 1学习优秀的大学生比学习不良的大学生的内部动机强 ,但两类大学生在外部动机上无差异 ;2学习优秀的大学生的能力和行为的自我效能水平都比学习不良的大学生高 ;3在成功归因和失败归因方面 ,两类大学生无差异。结论 采取措施提高学习不良大学生学习的内部动机和自我效能水平 。

Objective To find out why some college students are poor in learning and the way to improve their learning performance.Method Two kinds of college students(good learners and poor learners)were surveyed with the Learning Motivation Questionnaire,the Learning Self-efficiency Questionnaire and the Learning Contribution Questionnaire and compared.Results ①The good learners had a higher score than poor learners in inner learning motivation,but there was no difference in their exterior learning motivation between them;②The good learners' self-efficiency levels ability and behaviour were all higher than the poor learners;③There were no differences in the attribution of success and the attribution of failure between the two kinds of learners.Conclusion It's necessary to improve the poor learners' level of inner motivation and self-efficiency in order to improve their learning performance.