上海地区药物滥用流行病学回顾性调查

RETROSPECTIVE INVESTIGATION OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUG ABUSE IN SHANGHAI

目的·· :了解上海地区药物滥用流行病学情况 ,为药物滥用防治工作提供科学依据。方法·· :对1992年 -2000年上海地区收治的23730例自愿和强制戒毒者病案资料进行回顾性调查分析。结果··:上海地区吸毒群体除具有青年男性、未婚、初中文化程度、无业闲散人员占多数等特征外 ,近年来呈现以下流行特征 :(1)吸毒人数呈逐年上升趋势 ;(2)18a以下青少年吸毒人数上升速度明显 ;(3)女性吸毒人数急剧增加 ;(4)多药滥用严重 ,毒品种类呈多样化 ;(5)吸毒引发的犯罪呈上升趋势 ;(6)吸毒者中合并躯体疾病比例逐年增高。结论·· :上海地区药物滥用趋势严重 ,给社会、家庭、个人造成很大危害。加强毒品危害和知识的宣传教育 ,特别是对青少年和高危人群的教育刻不容缓 ,提高戒毒质量 ,降低毒品危害也应提到议事日程予以关注。

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of drug abuse in Shanghai and provide scientific data for drug abuse prevention and treatment. Methods: Retrospective investigation and analysis were carried out in 23 730 drug abusers who underwent either voluntary or compulsory detoxification during 1992 to 2000. Results: The majority of the drug abusers in Shanghai were young, unmarried and unemployed male. The epidemiological characteristics of drug abuse in Shanghai were: (1) the number of drug abusers was increasing year after year;(2) the number of drug abusers under 18 years old increased sharply;(3) there were more female drug abusers; (4) polydrug abuse was serious and more drug varieties appeared;(5) more drug related crimes occurred;(6) drug abuse related physical diseases were increasing in drug abusers. Conclusion: Drug abuse problem is serious in Shanghai, which has done great harm to the drug abusers, their families and the society. It suggested that wide and urgent drug prevention education be carried out, especially among the risk population and management for drug abuse be developed.