合成过氧化尿素之稳定剂研究

The Study on the Stabilizer of the Synthesis for Urea Hydrogen Peroxide

过氧化尿素是一种高效、多功能、广谱的固体消毒剂。为提高过氧化尿素的纯度及稳定性 ,研究了合成过氧化尿素用的稳定剂。考察了尿素与过氧化氢摩尔比以及稳定剂用量对过氧化尿素纯度的影响。实验发现 ,添加水杨酸、EDTA(2Na)、酒石酸、磷酸二氢钠、8-羟基喹啉和六偏磷酸钠等稳定剂后 ,产品的纯度均有所改善 ,其中以EDTA(2Na)、酒石酸和六偏磷酸钠最为明显 ,表明这些稳定剂可以有效地与原料中痕量的重金属离子络合 ,从而抑制其催化分解过氧化氢。尿素与过氧化氢摩尔比最好在 0 .5～ 0 .9范围内。过氧化氢与稳定剂的摩尔比为 12 2～ 2 4 5范围内产品纯度较高。在 6 0℃下储存 2 4h条件下 ,添加稳定剂的产品热分解稳定率在 95 %以上 ,而不加稳定剂的产品的热稳定率仅为 91.6 %

Urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP) is a high efficient, multifunctional and broad-spectrum solid disinfectant. In order to improve the purity and stability of UHP, the stabilizer of the synthesis for UHP is studied. The effect of the mole ratio of urea to hydrogen peroxide and the amount of stabilizer on the purity and stability of UHP are investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the purity of UHP is improved by adding salicylic acid, EDTA(2Na), tartaric acid, sodium biphosphate, 8-hydroxyquinoline and sodium heametaphosphate. EDTA(2Na), tartaric acid and sodium heametaphosphate give the best results. It is indicated that these stabilizer can effectively complex with trace amount of heavy metal ion in the raw material, and thus inhibit these metal ion catalyzing decompose of hydrogen peroxide. The optimal mole ratio of urea and hydrogen peroxide should be in the range of 0.5～0.9. The purity of UHP is much higher when the mole ratio of hydrogen peroxide and stabilizer is in the range of 122～245. Under 60 ℃ with the storage time of 24 h, the coefficient of stabilization of the stabilized UHP is more than 95% while unstabilized UHP is only 91.6%.