湖南省不同类型疫区血吸虫病疫情动态观察

DYNAMICS ON ENDEMICITY OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF ENDEMIC AREAS IN HUNAN PROVINCE

目的 掌握湖南省不同类型疫区血吸虫病的疫情动态。方法 试点纵向观察 6类疫区血吸虫病病情与钉螺变化。结果 1997- 2 0 0 0年 ,人群血检与粪检阳性率分别徘徊在 17.4% - 2 1.1%和 8.6 % - 7.6 %之间。山丘型血检阳性率从 1998年的 7.3%下降到 2 0 0 0年的 1.9% ,粪检阳性率从1999年的 0 .6 %下降到 2 0 0 0年的 0 ;其它类型粪检阳性率下降无统计学意义。耕牛阳性率在 11.3%- 9.6 %之间波动。山丘型阳性螺密度从 1997年的 0 .0 0 2 6只 /框下降到 1998年的 0 ;垸内型无阳性钉螺 ,城市型阳性螺密度在 0 .0 0 42只 /框以上 ;其它类型阳性螺密度均在 0 .0 0 2 5只 /框以上。结论 目前湖南省山丘型血吸虫病的疫情呈下降态势 ,湖区的血吸虫病疫情呈上升或徘徊状态。

Objective To make out the dynamics on endemicity of schistosomiasis in different types of endemic areas in Hunan Province. Methods Longitudinal observations were conducted for the prevalence of schistosomiasis and features of snails in six types of endemic pilots. Results During the period from 1997 to 2000, the positive rate of antibody and eggs among population fluctuated between 17 4%-21 1% and 8 6%-7 6%, respectively. In hilly types, the indicators mentioned above decreased from 7 3% in 1998 to 1 9% in 2000 and 0 6% in 1999 to 0, respectively. Statistics differences of decreasing were not demonstrated in other types. Meantime, the positive rates of eggs in cattle maintained between 11 3% and 9 6%. On the other hand, the density of infectious snails in hilly types reduced from 0 0026/0 1 m 2 in 1997 to 0 in 2000. No infected snails were observed inside embankment, but in city type were more than 0 0042/0 1 m 2 and the rest more than 0 0025/0 1 m 2. Conclusion Only has the endemic situation in hilly types been reducing and in other types has been rising or lingering in Dongting Lake areas.