“五四”时期的鲁迅与传统文化

LU Xun in May 4th Movement & Traditional Culture

“五四”时期的鲁迅 ,在家庭中 ,作为长子、长兄 ,在教育部 ,作为分管文化工作的官员 ,其言行大多未逾传统文化规范。作为大学教师 ,他在教学和学术活动中的“反传统”,主要表现为 :敢于赞许文学中的创新和在研究中敢于发表创见。作为作家、思想家的鲁迅 ,则激烈地“反传统”,这是时代的需要 ,是文化急剧转型的必需 ,是创建新文化的必需。他的“反传统”内涵 ,在社会制度、封建等级观念、政教观念方面 ,主要是“破除”;在文艺等方面 ,则主要是冲破、超越、创新 。

LU Xun during May Fourth Movement, was the eldest son and brother in a very typical Chinese family and a state official in charge of the cultural affairs. His words and deeds were within the norms of the traditional culture. As a lecturer in Peking University, he showed his disagreement with the norms, which can be found in his teaching and research. He dared to appreciate the new things in the literary creation and express his own understanding. As a writer and thinker, Luxun opposed to those norms radically. He did so mainly owing to the demands of the age when the society and culture were in radical transformation. He broke down the norms of the social institution, caste, politics and religions, and transcended the norms of the classic literature. Anyway, Luxun's opposition to the norms does not mean a completely break with the traditional culture.