滨水环境与城市发展的初步研究

The Function of Waterside Related to Urban Development

通过对国内外城市滨水地区的规划与建设特点进行对比分析研究 ,得出水体在城市发展中具有 :景观功能 ,水源功能 ,交通运输功能 ,游乐运动功能 ,生态环境功能以及文化历史渊源与发展文化的功能等。滨水地段是城市的珍贵资源 ,需很好从“人地和谐相关”与“生存环境持续发展”的观点指导进行城市规划与建设。并对广州市珠江两岸滨水区域的建设发展规划 ,提出一些建议 :1)浚深与疏通内河航运 ,使珠江干流成为多功能的水道 ;2 )利用深水潮流通道 ,扩大建设“虎门”海港 ;3)珠江滨水带景观规划必须具备层次性与地带性 ;4)保证沿岸留有充分的公共空间、娱乐场地和绿地林带 ;5 )提高堤围的设防标准至 10 0年一遇以上的防洪标准 ;6 )沿海潮滩、沙洲、岛屿在原养殖与农业开发的基础上 ,开展田园风光旅游与度假旅游 ;7)沿岸水污染控制和治理。

Compared with the patterns of water front planning among several cities both in China and abroad, it can be summarized that the waters function to urban developments as following: the function of ecology and landscape, water resources and living bodies, linkage and transportation, recreation and exercises, cultural business and historical loading. Waterside is a kind of precious resource to city development. It should take serious account on point view of to planning design city construction with point view of sustainable development, and the harmonic relationship between human and existent environment. Based on the principal idea, authors also support with several suggestions on the Zhujiang River Side planning. 1)Deepen and dredge the inner river to maintain transportation of the Zhujiang river and turn the mainstream into a multifunctional water route. With the river deepened, it will make important influences on the development of Guangzhou, i.e. prospering the transportation and construction, stimulating the booming of tourism and the last but not the least, decreasing the air pollution significantly. 2) Enlarge Humen seaport to make use of deep tidal channel. A port of 100-50 thousand tons can be constructed, serving as connection of Guangzhou Bay and inner river system. A the same time, high technology gardens and international leisure and recreation centers are to be built in areas around the seaport. In the downstream area of the Zhujiang river, advanced container processing centers should also been designed to increase the capacity of unit transportation. 3)Plan rankly and regionally. Detailed planning projects are to be planned on the basis of ecological principles and the function of hinterland. The ratio of greenland areas to exploited areas should maintained as a proper level. It is required that the ecological and resident living conditions should be prior to the economic benefit. 4) Set aside enough space for recreation place and green belt. According to the planning of Guangzhou City the area from Pazhou Island to Longxuewei Island together with its hinterland will become the CBD of Zhujiang delta, accordingly, a beautiful corridor should also be designed to separate the clamor and the tranquil. 5) Increase the level of levee to ensure the security of production and living condition. 6) Develop holiday tourism on the basis of agriculture and aquaculture. Various activities such as fishing, swimming, meeting and training are supported to encourage the flourishing of suburb economy. 7) Control water pollution along the Zhujiang river. Now the river seems like a sewer accepting all kinds of pollutants. In order to purify the water and better living conditions in nearby areas, water pollution controlling and dealing are imperative especially in the area of Huangpu.