贵州岩溶荒漠化成因及其防治

Causes of Karst Desertification in Guizhou and Its Controlling Countermeasures

岩溶荒漠化是贵州岩溶地区的主要生态环境问题之一，对土地生产力的破坏作用巨大。它是碳酸盐岩的侵蚀过程与人为活动共同作用的结果。分析了贵州碳酸盐岩区域侵蚀的地质背景，认为岩溶地区的碳酸盐岩侵蚀及地貌和生态环境特点、被侵蚀土粒的物质输送规律构成了岩溶荒漠化的自然基础，指出碳酸盐岩的化学侵蚀并非风化成土过程，以及一般的土壤侵蚀指标并不能代表岩溶地区土壤侵蚀的真实情况。同时还分析了岩溶荒漠化产生和发展过程中的不合理的人为活动的主要表现形式及其产生根源。在此基础上，本文提出了相应的综合防治措施。

Karst desertification is a main eco-environmental problem in Guizhou karst area and it exerts serious disadvantage to the productivity of land. Karst desertification is the result of intercourse between the erosion of carbonate rock and human activities. This paper analyses the geological background of carbonate regional erosion in Guizhou and regards the characters of carbonate rock erosion, the landform, the ecological environment and the rule of movement on eroded soil as the natural base of karst desertification. The main types of excessive human activities and their reasons are discussed here, too. On the basis of these, some countermeasures of prevention and harness are proposed.