半干旱区雨水集流研究进展及其现状

Research Development and Trend Concerning Rainwater Harvesting Techniques in the Semiarid Regions

论述了国内外半干旱区雨水集流研究的发展和存在问题。国外雨水集流研究的发展可分为三个阶段：２０世纪５０年代以前为雨水的初始利用阶段；２０世纪５０年代到８０年代为基础性研究和技术开发大发展阶段；２０世纪８０年代以后为系统研究阶段。国内雨水集流研究相对较晚，２０世纪６０年代为初步研究阶段，２０世纪８０年代以后为系统研究阶段。集水技术操作简单，适应性强，费用低，开发潜力大，从事的生产领域广泛，采用这种技术可以建立新的农业生态系统并改善半干旱区生态环境。

This paper deals with the development and trend of the rainwater harvesting research in the semiarid regions. Attentions are also paid to the potential and problem existed in the water-harvesting system. The history of water-harvesting study can be divided into three stages: ①Primitive rainfall utilization (before 1950), ②Great progress in basic theory studies and technique developments of the rainwater harvesting system (1950-1980), ③Systematic research of water harvesting techniques (after 1980). Research on rainwater harvesting in China was relatively late. It was started in 1960s, however, the systematic studies was carried out until 1980s. Characterized by simple operation, high adaptation and low cost, rainwater harvesting techniques have a great potential to be used in many aspects, and they would provide the possibilities of setting up new agricultural ecological system and improving ecological environments in the arid and semiarid regions.