论斑岩铜矿的成因

THE ORIGINS OF PORPHYRY COPPER DEPOSITS

较系统地论述了国内外学者对斑岩铜矿成因的不同学术观点 ,包括“岩浆热液说”(岩浆结晶分异说 )、“板块构造成矿说”(含Cu洋壳重熔说 )、“活动转移说”及“变岩浆成矿说” ;分别对它们的立论依据及不足之处进行了较详细的分析 ,并根据作者对斑岩铜矿的时空分布、物质组分、结构构造及矿物中各种包裹体等特征的深入研究 ,提出斑岩铜矿主要是由深源 (地幔或下地壳 )富碱 (K、Na)、硅的热流体 (或与地壳岩石中的裂隙水、地下水混合 )

This paper relatively systematically deals with different academic views of Chinese and foreign researchers about the origins of porphyry copper deposits. They include the magmatic-hydrothermal theory (magmatic crystallization differentiation theory), plate-tectonic metallogeny (copper-bearing oceanic crust anatexis theory), remobilization theory and metamagmatic metallogeny. The author gives a detailed analysis of the grounds and shortcomings of these theories, and according to an intensive studies of such features of porphyry copper deposits as the temporal-spatial distribution, material composition, textures and structures and various types of inclusions in minerals, it is proposed that porphyry copper deposits form as a result of metasomatism and melting of cupriferous rocks in the upper crust by deep-seated (mantle or lower crust), alkali ( K and Na ) -rich, siliceous hydrothermal fluids (or their mixture with fracture water or groundwater in crustal rocks).