青藏高原局地因素对近地表层地温的影响

The Influence of Local Factor on Surface Layer Ground Temperaturein Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

青藏高原近地表层地温既受区域性因素 (高度、经度、纬度 )控制 ,同时又受局地因素的影响。观测结果表明 ,高原稀疏植被地段比裸地地温高 ,短时期薄层雪盖起降低地温的作用 ,南坡比北坡地温高 2～ 7℃ ,黑色沥青路面年平均温度比碎石土天然的年平均地表温度高 4.5℃ 。

The influence of vegetation, snow cover, slope, lithological character, water content and building materials on surface layer ground temperature were discussed. The results show that the ground temperature in the areas with scattered vegetation is higher than that in uncovered land; A thin snow cover existed in a short period takes the role of lowering the ground temperature; the ground temperature in south slope are 2～7℃ higher than that in north slope; the ground temperature are directly influenced by the water content of soil; and the mean annual ground temperature on asphalt grounded surface are 4.5℃ higher than that on natural ground surface with crushed stone soils, and also higher than that on all pavement with other materials.