有关冠状窦心导管术的应用解剖

Applied Anatomy in Coronary Sinus Catheterization

对３０例成人心标本进行解剖，测得冠状窦口的纵径为１７．７９±４．６６ｍｍ，横径为８．７５±３．３９ｍｍ。发现冠状窦口朝向上或水平方向者占７０．００％；向下者占３０．００％，冠状窦瓣有新月状、半月状、网状、筛状和嵴状等五种形态。瓣高５．３１±４．１８ｍｍ，宽８．６２±２．４４ｍｍ。冠状窦的长度为３１．３３±１０．２２ｍｍ，最窄径为５．６０±１．０５ｍｍ；并有成角、缩窄和发育不良现象。其属支中有７３．３３％的心中静脉和１０．００％的心小静脉开口于冠状窦口处。本文并就冠状窦心导管术插管的成败因素进行了讨论。

The authors examinated 30 adult heart specimens and found that:(1)the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the orifices of coronary sinus are 17.79±4.66mm and 8.75±3.39mm respectively;(2)70.00% of the orifices or coronary sinus directs upwards of laterally and 30. 00%of them faces downwards;(3)the valves of the orifices appear in 5 forms,i.e.,crescent,semilunar, netlike,cribriform and crest;(4)the height and width of the valves are 5.31±4.18mm and 8.62±2.44mm respectively:(5)the length and the most narrow part of the coronary sinuses measure 31.33±10.22mm and 5.60±1.05mm respectively;(6)amgulation,stenosis and hypoplasia of the coronary sinus were also found;(7)73.33% of middle cardiac veins and 10.00% of small cardiac veins open near the orifice of coronary sinus.The clinical significance of these data for coronary sinus catheterization were also discussed.