西部地区植被恢复重建中几个问题的思考

Considerations to some issues on vegetation rehabilitation in western China

以退耕还林还草为主体的西部地区植被恢复重建是一项复杂的生态—经济复合系统工程,必须以水热等气候因子所决定的植被生物地带性为科学依据,以国家调控下的区域间互补的市场经济机制为运作体系,必须在建立长期稳定的经济补偿机制的同时,建立长期稳定的政策和法律保障体系。为此,该文讨论了西部地区自然植被的地理格局、适度的退耕规模和退耕后的植被恢复重建、植被恢复工程的环境服务功能产出、生态产业与经济补偿机制、天然植被的保护和改良等科学问题,指出了退耕还林还草试点工程中所存在的一些错误认识和不良倾向。

Because vegetation rehabilitation in western China centered on returning farmland to forest or grassland is a complicated eco-economic system engineering,we must establish a long-term steady policy and law insurance system while establishing a long-term steady economic compensation mechanism,which should be based on biological zone of vegetation determined by climatic elements such as water and heat,driven by market economic mechanism of regional complementation under national control.To this end,we discussed several scientific issues which include the geographical pattern of natural vegetation in western China,moderate returning size and rehabilitation technology after returning,environmental service function output of vegetation restoration engineering,ecological industry and economic compensation mechanism,and the pro-tection and improvement of natural vegetation as well.At the same time,we pointed out some er-roneous understandings and ill tendencies in the pilot project of returning farmland to forest or grassland.