家兔窦房结的形态学研究

The morphological study of rabbit sinoatrial node

目的 :了解窦房结的形态结构。方法 :取 1 0例家兔心脏 ,常规石蜡包埋整心连续切片 ,HE染色、Masson三色染色和磷钨酸苏木素染色后 ,在光镜下观察。在光镜观察的基础上 ,另取 2例家兔窦房结对其特化的P细胞和T细胞进行透射电镜观察。结果 :家兔窦房结位于界沟上部 ,约 1 / 3跨越腔耳角 ,形态大小变化较大 ,内部有丰富的小血管分布 ,附近有一较大动脉和神经分布 ,未见分层分部现象。P细胞内可见线粒体、电子致密颗粒和高尔基氏器 ,细胞核大而圆可见核仁。T细胞介于P细胞与普通心肌细胞之间。结论 :家兔窦房结的位置较高 ,其细胞发育较为成熟 。

Objective:To research the morphological structure of rabbit sinoatrial node (SAN).Methods:After being routinely embedded in paraffin,complete serial sections of right atria were cut and stained with HE,Masson trichrome and with phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin,10 cases were observed under light microscope.On this basis,SAN cells of 2 cases were observed under transmission electron microscope.Results:The rabbit SAN located in the upper part of sulcus terminalis,across the angulus between the superior vena cava and the auricula dextra in one third cases.The shape of SAN was irregular and different in each case.There were some small blood vessels in SAN,a larger arteria and some nerves close to the SAN.There was no delamination or subsection in SAN.There were a lot of mitochondria,some electron density granules and Golgi apparatus in pacemaker cells,The nucleus of pacemaker cells was round or oval.The shape and structure of transitional cells was between pacemaker cells and normal working mycardial.Conclusion:The rabbit SAN locates at a higher position.The development of SAN cells seems mature,and there is much different in each case.