植物多样性对土壤微生物的影响(英文)

Effects of Plant Diversity on Soil Microbes

生物多样性强烈地影响生态系统的过程。生态系统过程的变化可导致生物多样性衰减并因此导致生态系统功能衰退。植物种丰度和植物功能多样性对土壤细菌群落的代谢活性和代谢多样性有成正比的影响。土壤细菌的代谢活性和代谢多样性随植物种数量的对数和植物功能组的数量而直线上升。其原因可能是由植被流入土壤的物质和能量的多样性和数量的增加,也可能是由土壤动物区系起作用的土壤微生境的多样性的增加造成的。由于植物多样性的丧失所引起的植物生物量的减少对分解者群落有强烈的影响:微生物生物量将可能减少,因为在大多数陆地生态系统中,有机碳源限制着土壤微生物的活性。

Ecosystem processes are strongly affected by biodiversity. Changes in ecosystem processes may themselves lead to a de-cline in biodiversity and thus to further reductions in ecosystem function. Plant species richness and plant functional diversity have a positive influence on overall catabolic activity and catabolic diversity of soil bacterial community. Catabolic activity and catabolic diversity of soil bacteria increased linearly with the logarithm of plant species number and with the number of plant functional groups. These effects may have been caused by an increased diversity and quantity of material and energy flows to the soil. They may also have been mediated by increased diversity of soil microhabitats via a stimulation of the soil fauna. A reduction in plant biomass caused by a loss in plant diversity is expected to have strong effects on the decomposer community: microbial biomass is likely to decrease, because organic carbon sources limit soil microbial activity in most terrestrial ecosystems.