论未成年学生在校的损害赔偿责任

Juvenile Students' Liabilities of Damage at Schools

学校是国家实施教育职责的专门场所 ,具有行政主体的性质。学校和学生之间的法律关系应是教育、管理与被教育、被管理的法律关系。在未成年学生损害赔偿案件中 ,各主体应适用不同的归责原则 ,承担不同的民事责任 :限制民事行为能力的学生对侵权行为的发生有过错的 ,监护人、学校可减轻责任 ;监护人对未成年人在学校的损害承担过错责任 ;学校对学生造成侵权责任的性质和构成要件有其自身特点 ,学校侵权的法律适用包括民法和教育法律、法规。依据不同标准 ,对此类责任可做多重分类 ,这有利于该类问题适当、合理地解决。

Being the nation's educational institutions, schools have the characteristics of the administrative units. The legal nexus between a school and its students should be that of educating and being educated and that of administrating and being administrated. In the juvenile case of damage, each subject should be applied different principles of incrimination and undertake corresponding civil liabilities. If those students with limited capacity for civil conduct commit infringement, the responsibilities of their legal guardians and school will be diminished; the guardians will assume certain liability for their faults; and, if the school infringes upon the rights of the students, the civil law and educational legal provisions and regulations will be involved. Classifications, based on various standards, of the legal responsibilities, are beneficial to the proper and reasonable solution of this kind of cases.