豫西民歌的种类与艺术特色

On Classification and Characteristics of the Folk Songs in the West Part of Henan Province

豫西地区流传的民歌 ,主要有工农生产的劳动歌曲、节日喜庆的灯歌、悠闲小调和一些商贩叫卖曲等。最常见的调式是徵调 ,其次为宫调、羽调、商调 ,大都由单一部式构成 ,或变型构成。其曲式结构 ,重复旋律引入某些新材料使乐思扩展 ,并置向着不同方向展开。其旋法特点是节奏基本相同 ,而各乐句的旋律音调、落音不同。

The folk songs popular in the west part of Henan Province can be classified into different kinds, namely songs for labor, for feasts, for self enjoyment, and for peddling, etc. Of all their tunes, the most common one is Zhi Diao, and in the next place are Gong Diao, Yu Diao and Shang Diao. These tunes are composed in certain patterns. Some are in the monotype; some have their varieties. As for the structure of melody, various melodic patterns are inserted into the main melody, which parallel with main melody and diverse into other patterns to enrich the musical thought. The melodic characteristics lie in the identical rhythm and different tunes and falls of notes.