文学理论:从主体性到主体间性

Literary Theory: From Subjectivity to Intersubjectivity

西方现代哲学、美学发生了由主体性到主体间性的转向 ,而中国古代哲学、美学本来就是主体间性的。在 80年代确立了主体性后 ,新世纪的中国文学理论应当开始主体间性的拓展。主体间性文学理论突破了认识论的局限 ,不是把文学活动看作主体对客体的认识和征服 ,而是看作主体间的共在 ,是自我主体与世界主体间的对话、交往 ,是对自我与他人的认同 。

In modern Western philosophy and aesthetics subjectivity is gradually turning to intersubjectivity. In ancient China philosophy and aesthetics were originally intersubjective. After subjectivity was confirmed in 1980s, Chinese literary theory should turn its attention to intersubjectivity. The intersubjective theory goes beyond the limitation of epistemology. Instead of regarding literary creation as the activities in which subject realizes and conquers object, it considers literary creation as the interaction between different subjects, the dialogue and communication between self-subject and world-subject, the identification of each other between self and others and thus as the free existence style and the experience with meaning of being.