黄土丘陵区新造田培肥熟化高产技术措施的探讨

Approach of Fertility Betterment and Ripeness and High Yield Techniques on Newly-built Fields in Loess Hi1ly Region

针对黄土丘陵区新修梯田和新垫滩地土壤肥力瘠薄、生物活性低、土壤板结、物理性质差等特点 ,通过实施秋深耕、增施多菌种的微生物有机复合肥、地膜沟植垄盖等综合技术措施 ,结果表明 :这些技术措施有利于新造田各类微生物菌群的增殖和生物活性的提高 ,促进土体中物质和能量的转化 ,显著改善土壤的理化性质 ,促进土壤微结构的形成 ,加速生土的熟化 ,使新造田微生物数量和有机质、氮磷钾含量当年就达到和接近于当地中等肥力水平的土壤 ,促进了作物的生长发育 ,当年比常规培肥田增产 4 0 %以上 ,达到了高产水平 ,为新造田的当年培肥熟化高产提供了快速有效的途径。

Based on the characters of newly-built terraces and newly-leveled bottomland i n loess Hilly region are barren soil, low microbes activity, hardened soil and poor physical properties, some integrated techniques were applied such as subso il in autumn, increasing the application of organic compound-fertilizer and fil m plating in the furrows. The results showed that to the newly-built fields the se techniques could enhance the multiplication of the microbe population and the ir activities, promote the substance transforming into energy, markedly improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and boost the formation of the micro-structure of soil, and accelerate the ripeness of immature soil. The qu antity of the microbes and the content of N, P, K in the tested fields nearly re ached to those in the middle-fertile land of that area. Which promoted the crop growth and development, and increased 40% crop yield compared with that in conv entional fertility betterment fields.