武夷山栲树林恢复生态学研究 Ⅰ.不同人为干扰尺度对栲树林乔木层区系组成的影响

Restoration ecology on the Castanopsis fargesii forest in Wuyishan,FujianⅠ.The effects of different scale of artificial disturbance on the flora of tree layer of Castanopsis fargesii

从乔木层区系角度探讨不同人为干扰尺度 (天然栲树林ck、择伐更新A级、天然更新B级、人促更新C级和杉木林D级 )对福建武夷山栲树林恢复的影响。结果表明 :ck、A级和B级乔木层都是以栲树为优势种 ,C级顶极种栲树处于第二优势种 ,阳性树种裂斗锥处于第一优势种 ,D级受人工种植的影响乔木层优势种发生根本性变化而以杉木为优势树种。通过乔木层区系分析 ,随着人为干扰尺度的加大 ,乔木层种类组成、各科含种数和含属数、属的分布类型及与毗邻地区的共有种上升到B级或C级后下降或呈“S”型下降。特别是D级杉木林乔木层由于以人工种植杉木为优势种控制着整个群落的性质和环境 ,导致分析的各方面指标与ck天然栲树林相距甚远 ,目前较难恢复到栲树顶极群落 ,其余更新方式将能恢复到栲树顶极群落。表 3图 4参

The effect of the different scale of artificial disturbance (ck,the original forest;A,the regeneration of selection cutting;B,the natural regeneration;C,the natural regeneration promoted by artificial measure and class;D,Chinese fir)on the restoration of the Castanopsis fargesii forest in Wuyishan,Fujian is discussed through the flora of tree layer.The results show that the Castanopsis fargesii is dominant in the tree layer of ck,class A and class B.The intolerant tree species,Castanopsis fargesii is dominant in the tree layer of ck,class A and class B.The intolerant tree species,Castanopsis fisaa is the first dominant species and the climax species,Castanopsis fargesii is the second dominant species while the dominant species in the tree layer change essentially,and Chinese fir becomes dominant influenced by aftificial planting.The composition of species,the number of species and genus in every family;the distribution kind of genus,the public species adjacent to the area and the coefficient of species among populations reduce or decrease as the 'S' pattern with the enhancement in the scale of artificial disturbance through the analysis of the flora of tree stratum.D class,Chinese fir,the tree layers indice are more different from that of natural Castanopsis fargesii forest because of the control on the community by the dominant species Chinese fir.And other regenerations will go back to climax community.