短季棉株型栽培技术研究

Study on Cultivation Technique of Short-season Cotton

以短季棉常规整枝株型为对照,分析了不同播期条件下,短季棉多茎株型的生育特点,光合生产率、丰产性及纤维品质。结果表明:多茎株型单株果枝数,不同播期分别为相应对照的2.43倍、1.83倍和2.06倍;单株功能叶片数分别为相应对照的1.85倍、1.82倍和1.93倍,单株成铃分别比相应对照多8.8个、7.8个和6.1个。霜前籽棉产量,3个播期多茎株型分别为相应对照的114.9％、111.5％和113.3％;纤维品质优于对照株型。地上部干物质积累量,3个播期多茎株型分别为对照的148.8％、151.9％和154.8％,叶枝贡献率92.1％～93.8％;吐絮期生殖体干物质积累速率,3个播期多茎株型分别为对照的6.25倍、2.76倍和1.88倍。初步确定一株四茎空心多茎株型是短季棉高产优质栽培的新途径,利于棉田周年高效种植的时间协调和空间优化。

Comparing with conventional plant type of short-season cotton, breeding habit, photosynthet-ic productivity, fertility Characteristic and fiber quality of top removal plant type were analyzed. The result showed: The fruit shoots of top removal plant type were 2.43 times, 1.83 times and 2.06 times as many as control at different planting times and functional leaves of single plant were 1.85 times, 1.82 times and 1.93 times. Bolls of single plant were 8.8,7.8 and 6.1 more than control. Cotton yield of top removal plant type at different planting times before frost were 114.9% ,111.5% and 113.3% of the control,and fiber quality were better.Dry matter weights over ground were 148.8% , 151.9% and 154.8 % of the control. Contribution rate of leaf shoot was 92.1 % ~ 93.8 % . Accumulative rate of dry matter of reproductive organ in wadding period were 6.25 times, 2.76 times and 1.88 times of the control . More stem and top removal plant type of four stems is a new way of high yielding and good quality production for short-season cotton.