苹果茎尖脱毒技术研究

Study on Virus Elimination Technique of Apple Shoot Tip

利用茎尖培养对苹果进行脱毒技术研究。研究结果表明,茎尖大小与分化率呈正相关,与脱毒率呈负相关;并且发现不同品种的适宜分化培养基不同,长富-1在AS3培养基上分化率高,而早乔纳金在AS5培养基上分化率高;早乔纳金脱毒试管苗在AS3培养基进行增殖培养,继代10次后,生长状况良好,增殖系数较高,达5倍/代以上;早乔纳金在AR2培养基生根率为90.3％,而长富-1在AR3上生根率为92.75％;选用珍珠岩为移栽基质,控制环境条件,早乔纳金和长富-1试管苗移栽成活率都在84％以上,且根系发达,生长健壮。

Virus elimination technique of apple was studied by shoot tip culture. The result showed that the size of the shoot tip had a positive relationship to differentiation rate but had a negative relationship to virus elimination. It was also found in this study that the appropriate medium was different depending on variety. The differentiation rate of Fuji was higher on AS3 culture media while the rate of Early Jonagold was higher on AS5 media. The virus-free tube seedlings of Early Jonagold had a good growth after multiplication culture and subcultures for 10 times on AS3 media. Reproduction rate reached 10 times or generations. The rooting rate of Early Jonagold on AR2 was 90.3% , while the rate of Fuji on AR3 was 92.75% . Using the perlite as the transplanting media and with controlled environmental conditions, the survival rate of both the early Jonagold and Fuji were over 84 % and root system was strong and the growth was vigorous.