哈尔滨部分大中专学生心理健康影响因素

The Contributing Factors to Mental Health of Junior College and Technical Secondary School Students in Harbin

目的 探讨影响青年学生心理健康的因素。方法 对哈尔滨在校大中专学生 880人的个性特征与心理健康状况等方面进行问卷调查。结果 个性特征和学前生活环境及其交互作用对恐怖因子的影响有统计学意义 ;个性特征偏内向、情绪不稳定组中在家中长大的学生 ,其恐怖因子得分比在托儿所或幼儿园长大的学生高 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;而其他组两种学前生活环境的学生SCL - 90各因子得分差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5)。个性特征和是否遭受挫折及其交互作用对青年学生的强迫症状、抑郁、恐怖、精神病性、焦虑 5个因子得分均比未遭受挫折者高 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;而其他组学生遭受严重挫折与否 ,SCL - 90各因子得分的差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5)。结论个性特征偏内向、情绪不稳定的学生心理健康状况受生活环境的影响较大 ,抵御不良心理刺激的能力较弱。

Objective To explore the contributing factors to mental health of youth. Methods Using a questionnaire, personality traits and mental health status were investigated among 880 adolescent students drawn randomly in Harbin. Results The effects of students' personality traits, living environments and their interaction were significant on scores in phobic anxiety. Among students in introverted or unstable personality group, those who did not ever attend kindergarten had higher scores in phobic anxiety than those who did(P<0.01). The effects of preschool living environments were insignificant on scores in factors of SCL-90 among students in other groups(P>0.05). The effects of students' personality traits, frustration and their interaction were significant on scores in obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety and psychoticism. Among students in introverted or unstable personality group, those who had experienced frustration had higher scores in those 5 items than those hadn't(P<0.01). The effect of frustration was insignificant on scores in factors of SCL-90 among students in other groups(P>0.05). Conclusions Students with introverted or unstable personality traits are susceptible to living environments, their abilities to resist psychological stress are insufficient.