杂交中稻超多蘖壮秧超稀高产栽培技术的研究

Study on the Practice and High-yielding Mechanism of Super-sparse-cultivation Associated with Maximum-tiller Seedling of Hybrid Rice

以5个杂交中稻品种为材料,对作者提出的“杂交中稻超多蘖壮秧超稀高产栽培技术”的高产原理及技术进行了5年的研究。结果表明,使用该技术不仅能获高产,而且能节省种子、劳力等生产成本,是多熟制地区特别是迟栽田及发挥重穗型品种增产潜力的一条重要的高产途径。“两超”栽培高产的直接原因是颖花数量的增加和籽粒的良好充实。“两超”栽培高素质的“超多蘖壮秧”和本田期健壮的个体生长是其穗足、穗大粒多的前提,而其高质量的群体结构和明显的后期生长优势是其籽粒灌浆结实良好和单穗重提高的物质保证。

In this paper, a new cultivation practice (super-sparse-cultivation associated with maximum-tiller seedling, SSCMTS) of hybrid rice was proposed and its high-yielding mechanism was studied. The results showed that the practice of SSCMTS in hybrid rice could not only increase grain yield but also save seeds and labors. It was a new high-yielding way for the late transplanting hybrid rice cultivars and heavy panicle hybrid rice cultivars to further utilize this high-yielding potential. Many spikelets and good grain-filling were the direct factors for the high yield of SSCMTS in hybrid rice, and those high-yielding factors relied on high quality seedlings, sturdy individuals, high quality population and vigorous later growth.