河西走廊地理环境特点与地方性氟中毒的关系

The relationship between endemic fluorosis and geographical enviroment in the west-river region

目的 准确、系统了解地理环境特点与地氟病的关系,有利于采取科学方法进行防治。方法 依据地理、地质学调查方法,结合流行病学对辖区内地理、地质、地下水水氟分布进行调查分类。结果 河西地区地理化学环境有富氟岩石及矿物质,为病区形成提供氟源;境内气候干旱、少雨,使氟元素集聚增高,浅层地下水的大量蒸发,又使浅层地下水含氟量上升;病区河流少,径流差,氟经风化淋溶向低洼地区富集,从而使河西走廊北山山地冲击扇和绿洲边缘的盐碱低洼地成为高氟区。结论 河西地区氟病区系潜水含氟量过高所致,并与境内地理环境、气候有密切关系。

Objective The west-river passway is severe fluorosis areas by means of finding out the relationship between the feature of geographical enviroment and geological enviroment and endemic fluorosis. Methods Combine epidemiology with geograph and geology investigation methods to sort geographical enviroment. geological enviroment and the distribution of fluoride content of groundwater in this areas. Results Rock and mineral accumulated fluoride provide fluoride sources for this areas;meanwhile the dry and less rain climate make fluoride content accumulated and increased. Shallow layer groundwater is largely evaporated, furthermore make fluoride content increased; less river and worse groundwater runoff make fluoride gathered in low-lying land by weathering and leaching. Thus this induces high fluoride areas in alluvial fan of mountainous region in northern mountain and saline-alkalilc marsh on the edge of phreatic the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in west-river region. Conclusions Geographical enviroment and climate play important roles in fluorosis areas.