山西省晋城市燃煤污染型氟中毒病区监测点5年监测结果分析

Analysis of five-years surveillance results for Jincheng coal smoke fluorosis areas

目的 了解和掌握近年来晋城市实施改良炉灶防治氟中毒的效果,为制订今后的防治规划提供依据。方法 氟斑牙检查采用Dean氏法;粮食氟含量测定采用加热—酸浸电极法;空气氟测定采用滤膜采样—氟离子选择电极法;水、煤、土和儿童尿氟检测采用氟选择电极法。结果8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病率呈逐年下降趋势,1999年患病率低于30％,氟斑牙指数低于0.4;16岁以上人群氟骨症X线检出率1999年明显低于1995年（X2=5.4336,P <0.025）。结论 降氟炉采用后,人群氟毒性效应指标明显改善,提示我们应继续坚持前期的防治措施,但也应注意该措施的完善和稳定。

Objective To understand the surveillance results in coal smoke fluorosis areas, and to provide evidences for the formulation of scientific strategies in prevention and control. Methods According to the《National unified measurement of surveil》. Dental fluorosis of children were examined by Dean's Index. The fluoride content of food and air determined by the research project of ZHANG Li-hong and JI Rong-di. The fluoride content of water, coal, soil and the urine of children were determined by fluoride selective ion electrode. Results From 1995 to 1999, the prevalence rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12 years at schools had been gradually reduced (X2 = 35. 24, P <0. 01), in 1999 it was less than 30% , Dean's Index was less than 0. 49. The prevalence rate of skeletal fluorosis (examined by X-ray) was lower in 1999 than that in 1995 (X2=5.43, P<0.025). Conclusions After the lowering fluoride stove's utilization, the people's fluoride toxic effect were improved, therefore, we should be to do it and to maintain it regularly to assure the effect.