乌鲁木齐景观生态功能区划及生态调控研究

DIVISION OF URBAN LANDSCAPE FUNCTIONAL DISTRICTS AND ITS ECOLOGICAL CONTROL IN URUMQI, XINJIANG, CHINA

乌鲁木齐作为中国西部发展较快的特大城市 ,城市生态环境问题日趋明显。对城市生态环境的研究 ,有利于充分认识城市发展与环境保护这对矛盾的生态学实质。在对乌鲁木齐城市生态环境调查的基础上 ,总结了乌鲁木齐城市生态环境的特征 ,根据综合整体、地域分异、景观异质、功能结构、城市发展、环境容载等景观生态学和城市生态学原则 ,划分了乌鲁木齐城市区域景观生态功能区 ,包括城市建设及中心区、城市生态平衡与开发区和城市生态保护及后备区。据此 ,对乌鲁木齐城市生态调控提出了初步建议 ,包括环境控制工程、生物控制工程。

Urumqi, the large city in Western region of China, belongs to the oasis of arid region, and its eco environmental issues are increasingly serious. The study on this urban ecological environment will be benefit to recognize the ecological essence of the confliction between urban development and environmental protection. Basis on investigation of urban eco environment of Urumqi, its urban eco environmental features were summed up. Drought climate of Urumqi results to the short of the water resources, which limits the urban development. Its natural landforms are put to rational use. Its animal and plant resources are diversity. Shelterbelt network is perfected. Urban greenbelt is being planned.Six principles of dividing urban ecological function district were present based on the theory of landscape ecology and urban ecology, including integration approach, regional difference, landscape heterogeneity, function and structure, urban dynamic trends and eco environmental capacity. 3 landscape functional districts were divided, including the urban construction and center district which is located in city proper and peripheries, the urban ecological balance and development district that is located in southern and northern suburbs, and the urban ecological protection and reserved district which is located in mountain regions around. For urban ecological control, suitable suggestion, such as environmental control engineering, biological control engineering, landscape ecological construction and ecological landscape management, were presented. Landscape ecological construction is gap between engineering control and management control, in which regional integration and contagion is underlined. For oasis city in arid region, landscape ecological construction is crucial.