全新世古尔班通古特沙漠演化和气候变化

Holocene Evolution Processes of Gurbantunggut Desert and Climatic Changes

通过位于古尔班通古特沙漠西南隅的莫索湾全新世地层剖面年代学、气候代用指标以及地层沉积相分析 ,认为全新世以来该沙区气候历经多次温湿 (凉湿 )和冷干变化 ,沙漠也相应地历经多次固定、缩小的逆过程和活化、扩大的正过程。与全球及区域对比结果表明 ,本区气候的温湿 (凉湿 )、冷干波动和沙漠的正、逆过程变化 ,与全球及我国东部季风区具有良好的一致性 ,但由于纬度较高、距海遥远以及深受西风环流影响 ,温度总的较低 ,降水总的较少 ,沙漠总的以半固定、固定为主。

Analyses on the chronology of stratigraphic section, climatic proxies and depositional facies of strata in the Mosuowan region at southwestern corner of the Gurbantunggut Desert show that the climate in the region has experienced a number of warm-wet (cool-wet) and cold-dry changes since Holocene and the desert has also correspondingly undergone a number of reversal processes such as sand dune fixation. Comparative studies also reveal that the warm-wet (cool-wet) and cold-dry climatic fluctuations and the changes of the positive-reversal processes of the desert in the region are in good agreement with the climatic changes of globe and the monsoon region of China. Located at high latitude and far away from the ocean as well as strongly affected by westerly circulation, temperature in the region as a whole is lower, precipitation is sparse and the desert is mainly in a semi-fixed and fixed state.