中国多金属结核开辟区东、西两小区小型底栖动物的空间分布

Distribution of deep-sea meiobenthos of the eastern and western portions of the COMRA's Pioneer Area

利用 1 998年“大洋一号”调查船 DY95 - 8航次在中国多金属结核开辟区东、西两小区用多管取样器采集的沉积物样品 ,对小型底栖动物的组成、分布及其与环境因子的关系进行了研究。结果表明 :(1 )东、西两小区共有 1 6个类群的小型底栖动物 ,其中线虫类占居显著优势 ,在东、西两小区各占总栖息密度的 71 %和 6 4 %,其次为猛水蚤类和蜱螨类。 (2 )东、西两小区小型底栖动物类群平均栖息密度分别为 3 2 .47ind/1 0 cm2 和 1 8.0 5 ind/1 0 cm2 ,东小区高于西小区。小区各站位间的栖息密度平面分布差异显著。 (3 )东、西两小区小型底栖动物类群栖息密度的垂直分布趋势明显 ,由表层向底层 ,栖息密度逐渐降低。 (4)东、西两小区小型底栖动物空间分布与底质沉积物、结核覆盖率和底层流等环境因子密切相关 ,底质较硬、结核覆盖率较高以及底层流较强都不利于小型底栖动物的栖息。

Ecological study of deep-sea metazoan meiobenthos was carried out both of the eastern and western portions of COMRA's Pioneer Area on the basis of samples collected by a multiple corer during summer(July-September)cruise in 1998.The results showed that there were 16 groups of meiofauna in the surveyed area.Among which,nematoda,harpacticoida and acari occupied a dominant position the metazoan meiofaunal community.The meiofaunal density in the eastern plot(32.47 ind/10 cm\+2) was much higher than that in the western plot(18.05 ind/10 cm\+2) and the spatial distribution of density in the same plot was also very uneven.The relationships between meiofaunal distribution and benthic sediments,nodule coverage and bottom current were also discussed in this paper.