地貌瞬时单位线理论的若干评论

Some Reviews on Geomorphologic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph

本文对地貌瞬时单位线(CIUH)理论的基本假设、等待时间概率密度函数以及它与概念性流域汇流模型之间的关系进行了评论。指出由于水质点之间并非弱相互作用,故借助于统计力学方法探讨流域汇流在理论上仍有不足之处。等待时间概率密度函数的确定虽是现行GIUH理论的关键,但目前采用的方法无不带有假定性。当采用面积-时间曲线和指数型函数作为等待时间概率密度函数时,现行GIUH方法与概念性流域汇流模型等价。考虑到GIUH只取决于河网地貌参数和流速参数,故它可为概念性流域汇流模型提供一个新的确定参数的方法。

The basic hypotheses of the Geomorphologic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH), the waiting time probability density function (WPDF), and the relationship between the GIUH and conceptual models of concentrated flow in a watershed (CFW) are reviewed. It is indicated that handling of CFW by means of statistical mechanics is theoretically not reasonable because of non-weak interaction between the water particles. Although determination of the waiting time probability density function is a key to the GIUH, the existing methods involve some unproved hypotheses about it. If the area-time curve and exponential type function are used as the waiting time probability density function, then the GIUH is equivalent to the conceptual models of CFW. Because the GIUH depends only on the par ameters of geomorphology and flow velocity of channel network, it may provide a new parameter esti mation method for conceptual models of CFW.