皮革透水汽性能的研究

Study on the water vapor permeability of leathers

从透水汽性能方面研究了未涂饰皮革、聚氨酯涂饰皮革、贴膜皮革和合成革的物质传递性能。研究结果表明 :涂饰对皮革的透水汽性能影响很大 ,未涂饰皮革的透水汽性能远远优于涂饰皮革、贴膜皮革和合成革。还分析了皮革的透水汽机理。未经过涂饰的皮革的透水汽作用是水分子在蒸汽压力作用下 ,在皮革微孔内的迁移和胶原上亲水性基团运动对水分子的传递的加合。而涂饰后的皮革、贴膜皮革和合成革的透水汽作用则只是水分子在蒸汽压力作用下在皮革微孔内迁移的结果。要提高成品皮革的透水汽性能 。

From viewpoints of water vapor permeability, the mass-transportation behavior of unfinished leather,polyurethane finished leather, filmed leather and synthetic leather is studied. The results show that finishing plays an important role in water vapor permeability of leathers. Water vapor permeability of unfinished leather is far better than that of other three leather samples. The mechanism of water vapor permeability of the samples is also analyzed. Water vapor pressure and transferring action of hydrophilic groups on collagen are two main aspects of the mechanism of water vapor permeability in the case of unfinished leathers. But in the case of finished leather, filmed leather and synthetic leather, the mechanism of water vapor permeability is only the migrating of water molecule through holes in leathers driven by the water vapor pressure. In order to improve the water vapor permeability of leathers, studies should be done on how to increase the hole-ratio in leathers and the hydrophilic groups in leathers and finishing agents.