三叉神经痛、半面痉挛、舌咽神经痛解剖学因素的研究

Anatomical factor study of trigeminal neuralgia, hemifical spasm,glossopharyngeal neuralgia

目的 :研究第 5、7、8、9、1 0脑神经根的动脉供应及它们与邻近血管的关系。探讨 5、9神经痛和半面痉挛的原因。方法 :解剖了 45侧动脉灌注红色乳胶的标本 ,从背腹两面观测第 5、7、8、9、1 0脑神经根的滋养动脉及这些脑神经根与邻近血管的关系。结果 :三叉神经根的滋养动脉主要源于基底动脉发出的脑桥外侧动脉 ,面神经和前庭蜗神经主要由小脑下前动脉发支供应 ,舌咽、迷走神经主要由小脑下后动脉和椎动脉发支供应。三叉神经根与邻近血管 (小脑上动脉 )接触的占 5 0 % ,形成压迫的占 1 2 .5 % ;面神经根被邻近血管 (小脑下前动脉 )压迫的占 2 4.5 % ,与邻近血管接触的占 1 4.3 % ;舌咽、迷走神经根与邻近血管 (小脑下后动脉 )接触的占 2 4.4%。结论 :三叉神经痛、半面痉挛。

Objective: To study artery supply of 5,7,8,9,10 cranial nerve root and relationship between 5,7,8,9,10 cranial nerve root and its around vessels. Methods:Specimen infused with red gelatin into artery from 45 side head were dissected and observed under operating microscope. Results:Trigeminal nerve roots mainly were supplied by pons lateral artery from basic artery. Facial and vestibulocochlear nerve roots were supplied by labyrinth and recurrent perforating internervous arteries from anterior inferior cerebellar artery. Glossopharyngeal and vagal nerve roots were mainly supplied by posterior inferior cerebellar artery and vertebral artery.Trigeminal nerve root contacted with vessels surrounding them (superior cerebellar arttery and anterior inferior cerebellar artery) were 50% and 12.5% of them were compressed. For facial nerve root ,24.5% was compressed by vessels (anterior inferior cerebellar artery) and 14.3% contacted with vessels surround it. For glossopharyngeal vagal nerve root, 24.4% contact with vessel (posterior inferior cerebellar artery) surrounding it. Conclussion: Vascular compression may be predominant cause of trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm and glossophsryngeal neuralgia.