三峡库区森林植物多样性分析

Analysis on forest plant diversity in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.

三峡库区森林资源丰富 ,根据对库区典型样地的调查 ,认为目前三峡库区共有 41个森林群落类型 ,其丰富度、多样性、均匀度指数在群落梯度上呈规律性波动 .其中针叶林中 ,物种丰富度指数在群落梯度上的总体趋势表现为灌木层 >草木层 >乔木层 ;在常绿阔叶林中 ,该趋势为灌木层 >乔木层 >草本层 ;在落叶阔叶林中 ,典型的栎类林 ,其丰富度指数的趋势为灌木层 >草本层和乔木层 ,而在草本层与乔木层间是波动的 ;多样性指数的趋势为乔木层 <灌木层和草本层 ,而在灌木层与草本层间是波动的 ;在其他群落类型中 ,各指数也是波动的 ;另外 ,各指数在海拔梯度上未表现出明显的规律性 ;一方面与库区自然环境差异较大 ,群落的发育状况不同有关 ,另外 ,长期以来库区内强烈的人为干扰活动也是不可忽视的一个因素 .

The forest resource is rich in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, according to the investigation data in the area, there are 41 kinds of forest communities, and the trend of the richness index, species diversity index and evenness index is not regular. In the coniferous forest, the trend of the richness index in different layer along the community is shrub >herb>tree. In the evergreen broadleaf forest, the trend is shrub > tree > herb. In the deciduous broadleaf forest, especially the typical Quercus forest, the trend is shrub >herb and tree, but in the herb layer and the tree layer, the trend fluctuates. The trend of the species diversity index is tree < herb and shrub, but in the herb layer and the shrub layer, the trend fluctuates. In other communities, the trend of all indices along the community fluctuates too. One reason may be the different natural environment and different growth condition of the community, and the long time strong disturbance of the human population is another important factor that couldn't be ignored.