青藏高原柴达木盆地尕海盐湖浮游生物群落多样性特征的初步研究

Preliminary study of plankton community diversity of the Gahai Salt Lake in the Qaidam Basin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

青海尕海是青藏高原柴达木盆地比较典型的高盐度且具有丰富卤虫资源的盐湖 ,海拔高程 2 849.6m。 1997年夏季我们对尕海盐湖浮游生物主要类群群落多样性特征进行了初步调查。调查期间在内湖主要水体 5个断面2 2个采样站共发现浮游藻类 46种 ,平均密度为 5 4.39× 10 4 Cells/L ;浮游动物 12种 ,全湖平均密度为 8.2 2个 /L ,平均生物量 0 .2 9mg/L。通过盐度含量较高 (119g/L)的内湖主要水体采样断面与盐度含量较低 (1.8g/L)的湖西北岸小水面采样断面比较 ,浮游生物不论是在种类组成特征、群落的多样性还是其个体丰度都存在十分明显的差异。结果表明 :在盐湖生态系统中 ,盐度是决定生物物种多样性及其个体丰度的关键因素之一。

Gahai Salt Lake, which is situated in the Qaidam Basin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at an elevation of 2849.6 m above sea level, is a saline lake with high salinity and abundant biological resources of Artemia (brine shrimp). An investigation on the characteristics of community diversity of plankton with relation to salinity was conducted in the summer of 1997. Forty-six species of phytoplankton and twelve species of zooplankton have been identified in the major body of water in the in-lake area with 22 sampling sites at 5 sections. The differences of the species composition, richness , individual abundance and biomass of plankton were compared between two sampling area with a big change of salinity in the waters. The results show that the salinity is an important limiting factor in determining the structure of biological communities in the inland saline lakes.