企业的异质性假设和企业竞争优势的内生性分析

On heterogeneity and competitive advantage of firm inside

与完全竞争模型的描述根本不同 ,现实企业之间普遍存在着利润差距。在企业同质性假设条件下 ,无论是新古典经济学、传统产业组织理论的SCP分析范式 ,还是企业竞争战略的产业分析方法 ,都把企业的利润归结为外在的市场结构因素。而动态地看 ,现实企业是异质的 ,它表现为企业长期发展过程中积累的核心知识和能力的差异。作为企业实施竞争战略的关键性要素 ,核心知识和能力是非竞争性的 ,难以模仿和替代。它构成了企业长期利润或竞争优势的真正基础。在企业异质性假设条件下 ,企业的竞争行为及其竞争优势是内生性的。

Different from describing of perfect competition model, there are widespread differences in profits among the realistic business enterprises. On the assumption of homogeneity of firm, neo-classical economics, traditional theory of industry organization and Port's five forces model all argue that firm's profit come down to market structure. But, from the viewpoint of dynamic, firms are heterogeneity. Each firm hold its core knowledge and competence that is the result of lasting accumulation inside. The core knowledge and competence is non-competitive and difficult to imitate and substitute. As a conclusion, we argue that the sustaining competitive advantage of firm should arise inside under the hypothesis of heterogeneity.