四川省都江堰水利灌溉工程与控制疟疾流行效果

Doujiangyan Irrigation System and Malaria Control Effectiveness in Sichuan

目的探讨世界最古老的都江堰水利灌溉工程的发展对控制疟疾流行的可持续发展的作用。方法调查分析该灌区水利灌溉规模和控制疟疾流行效果。结果 1 993年灌溉覆盖 2万多 km2 ,人口 2 0 0 0多万 ,3 7区、市、县 ,灌溉稻田 5 0 .92万 hm2 ,疟疾发病连续 7年较扩灌前下降 99% ,病例呈散在分布。结论水利灌溉工程的发展与控制疟疾流行同步进入可持续发展良性循环。

Objective To explore the development of Doujiangyan water conservancy project, one of the oldest project but still making immense social and economic benefit, and sustained malaria control effectiveness. Method To investigate and analyse the data on irrigated areas, population, mosquito vector and malaria incidence. Results In 1993, the irrigated areas were extended to 0.669 million hm 2, in which rice field reached 0.5092 million hm 2. The irrigated areas covered 37 cities (counties, districts) of Sichuan Province over 20 thousand km 2 and a population of over 20 million. But the malaria incidence decreased by 99% for successive 7 years than that before extention of irrigated areas and only sporadic malaria cases could be found. Conclusion The development of Doujiangyang irrigation system provides great possibility for carrying out crop rotation system in irrigated areas which fundamentally changed the breeding environment of mosquito vector, and therefore revealed sustained malaria control effectiveness.