庐山风景区犁头尖北坡泥石流及其防治

Debris Flow Disaster and Its Control on Northern Slope of Litoujian Hill of Mountain Lushan

1995年 8月 15日 ,在暴雨的激发下 ,庐山芦林风景区犁头尖北坡东沟和西沟同时暴发山坡型泥石流。该泥石流由沟头崩塌转化而形成 ,具有来势凶猛 ,历时短暂 ,黏度高 ,容重大、冲淤强烈和破坏力强等特点 ,给山麓的公路、宾馆及庐山自然景观造成了严重的破坏。东沟和西沟具有再次暴发泥石流的潜在危险。犁头尖东、西沟泥石流治理采用稳沟、固坡、排洪、拦挡和植树造林的综合防治方案 ,已建小型谷坊 2 4座、挡土墙 335 .0 m及由陡槽、涵洞、排洪沟等建筑物组成的排水系统 ,并完成了沟内和泥石流堆积物上的造林工作。 1998年夏 ,江西省遭受 10 0 a不遇洪涝灾害 ,庐山风景区内多处暴发泥石流。犁头尖北坡泥石流工程经受住了暴雨的考验 ,工程及保护对象安然无恙 ,达到了预期治理目的。

The debris flow with the characters, such as rush occurrence, short duration, high viscousity and density, strong impact, was triggered by a storm in both of the west gully and the east gully in the Litoujian hill, Lulin district, the Mt.Lushan on 15th August, 1995. It was resulted from avalanche in the sources of the gullies. It affected the road and hotels below the hill and destroyed landscape on the hill. Potential hazards are still existing in the gullies. The comprehensive planning for controlling the debris flow, which consists of check dams, a drain system, retain walls and planting, was made. Up to now, 24 check dams, retain walls with 335.0 m length, a drain system and planting have been finished. In 1998, serious flood hazards occurred in Jiangxi province and many debris flows occurred in the Mt.Lushan. The project is successful because the controlling works passed the test by the storm. The constructions of its own, as well as the road and the hotels are under the protection of works, were not damaged at all.