哈萨克语虚词的成员及其语法化进程

A Survey of Kazakh Function Words: The Members and the Process of Their Grammaticalization

哈萨克语虚词成员的界定 ,最关键的是功能标准。格助词、连接助词、语气助词、助动词、时间助词、结构助词成员的界定各有其特殊问题。哈萨克语 6类虚词共有 2 14个成员。其来源主要有实词词语语法化与外来借词两大类 ,从虚化的程度看 ,分高度虚化、向高度虚化过渡。

The functional standard is the key problem in the definition of the members of function words of Kazakh language. The function words of Kazakh language have 214 members belonging to six types and post positions, conjunctions, modal particles, auxiliary verbs, tense auxiliary words, and structural auxiliary words. The definition of members of each type has its special problem. Their origins lie in the grammaticalization of notional words, and in loanwords from other languages. The author reveals the grammaticalization process of the function words with three levels: the high level, the transitional level, and the low level. [