第二语言获得问题的理论思考

Some Theoretical Considerations on the Second Language Acquisition

第一语言获得与第二语言获得本质上无异 ,都是一种把外在知识内化为自身能力的心理或心智表现过程。而由于第二语言获得过程以获得者先已建立的第一语言为初始状态 ,这一过程不可能走第一语言获得过程那种以经验触发为获得方式的自然生长与发展之路 ,它要把第二语言获得者设计在一定的教学程序之中 ,同时把第二语言作为知识加以灌输 ;而获得者本人则要接受警告 :时时注意排除来自第一语言的负面干扰 ,调节并克服因为学习动机上的功利主义所造成的表现为急于求成的焦躁情绪 。

There's no essential difference between the acquisition process of the first language and that of the second language, both are psychological or mental process of the learners' own ability to internalize the knowledge they receive. Due to the fact that the second language acquisition process takes the learners first language as its original state, it can't follow the routine of the first language acquisition process grown and developed by means of experience triggering. It needs to put the second language learners in a certain teaching procedure and instill the language to them at the same time. And the learners, on the other hand, are warned time and again to eliminate the negative interferences from the first language. They should adjust themselves to get rid of impatience caused by utilitarianism in learning motivation, so as to minimize the detours in the second language acquisition process.