英国海滨休闲城市崛起的历史条件

The Background of the Emerging of British Seaside Resorts

19世纪以来 ,随着英国物质财富的日益丰富、生产技术水平的不断提高和人们闲暇时间的增加 ,海滨休闲从上流社会向下传承 ,中产阶级、工人大众先后加入 ,促成了英国海滨休闲城市的异军突起 ,成为与工业城市形成鲜明对照的新型城市。这一历史进程 ,预示着城市经济向“无烟工业”———旅游休闲业等第三产业发展的趋势 ,也朦胧地体现了现代环境保护思想的胚芽。

From the 19th century onwards, spending a seaside holiday has become a social fashion,prevalent at first in the upper society and then followed by the middle class and even working-class, as a result of British materials accumulation and technological advancement, which stimulated the mushroom of seaside resorts. The seaside resorts even outgrew the industrial cities and became new pattern cities. The historical process underlined the general trend of city development, turning industrial towns and cities to leisure towns and cities.