论秦始皇兵马俑的主体精神及相关问题

On the Essential Spirit of Qinshihuang's Terracotta Army and Some Related Problems

多年来 ,学术界对秦俑的研究取得了丰硕成果 ,但也还存在一些问题有待商讨。 (1 )秦俑各坑的布局或秦俑的主题 ,主要是象征京城中央军的构成。它不是野战军 ,而是宿卫军。视 1、2、4号坑为左、中、右三军的军阵 ,确乎尚欠慎审。 (2 ) 4号坑的性质目前有多种说法。看来 ,它当是属于尚未建成的“武库坑”。 (3)秦俑的营造时间 ,当分前、后两个阶段 ,但大规模的营造是在统一之后。之所以不惜人力营造 30多年之久 ,其意图 ,并非单纯是为了“表彰军功” ,“防神驱鬼” ,而是奉行“事死如生”的思想 。

Up to now,the research of Qin terracotta army has been scored great successes,but there are still some questions remained to be solved.(1) The total design of all the pits acrobats mainly symbolized the constituent of Qin capital central arny.It was not field army but defensive army.It seems to be untenable that pit 1,pit 2 and pit 4 are considered respectively as the left,middle and right troops.(2)At present, the nature of pit 4 has many arguments.The author thinks it may be an 'armoury pit' remained to be built.(3)The constructing time should be divided into early and late stages,yet after 211 B.C,they started to be constructed massively.The intention of spending over thirty years on them,not only citing distinguished service in the battle and guarding against ghosts and gods but also worshiping an idea of treating death as life,was to try to order them to guard the soul of all-powerful Qinshihuang.