论19世纪末20世纪初美国公司化运动

On the Merger Movement in American Industry: late 1800s-early 1900s

1 9世纪下半叶 ,随着大量的技术发明 ,美国经济开始腾飞 ,企业垄断也出现在美国经济舞台上。至 1 9世纪末 2 0世纪初达到高潮 ,出现一股公司合并风。各行各业都被一些大的托拉斯公司垄断 ,致使美国经济结构发生了质变 ,由自由资本主义过渡到垄断资本主义。各大公司虽然为现代社会带来了先进的管理和经营理念 ,推动了美国经济高效而飞速的增长 。

With American economic 'take-off' in the late 1800s, monopoly came to dominate American business as a result of the Merger Movement in American Industry. Most American industries were monopolized by trusts, eventually leading to the change of economic structure from liberal capitalism to monopoly capitalism. Undeniably, these trusts promoted the economic growth effectively, but they also unavoidably brought about a series of social problems such as illegal monopoly, unsafe production, sweatshops and child labor etc.