褶纹冠蚌珍珠囊发育的研究

STUDIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PEARL SAC IN THE PEARL OYSTER CRIST ARIA PLICATA LEACH (LAMELLIBRANCHIA)

以褶纹冠蚌(Cristaria plicata Leach)为实验对象,应用光学显微技术和扫描电子显微技术研究珍珠囊的发育,结果表明在水温16℃左右时约需30d形成具有单层上皮细胞的珍珠囊,6个月后稳定分泌珍珠质。构成珍珠囊的上皮细胞从高柱状逐渐变成扁平状或立方形,细胞的碳酸酐酶污性也日益增强。大部分移植细胞小片的结缔组织与母蚌的结缔组织共同成层排列在珍珠囊腔外围。游走细胞在珍珠囊的早期发育阶段十分活跃。本文还阐明了珍珠囊液是存在于上皮细胞与珍珠表面之间的一薄层流体状物质。碳酸钙结晶的核化(nucleation)和初期生长都发生在珍珠囊液中。

The optical and scanning electron microscopy were applied to study the development of the pearl sac in Cristaria plicata Leach. The results show that it takes about 30 days to constitute the pearl sac with single layer of epithelial cells when the water temperature is about 16℃, after six months the pearl sac can secretes pearl substances steadily. The shape of the epithelial cells changes gradully from rod-like to square or flattened, and the activity of carbonic anhydrase of those cells becomes higher with the development. Most connective tissue cells of the grafted mantle piece, together with that of the host oyster, arrange themselves in layers around the pearl sac cavity. Wandering cells are more active during the early developmental stage of the pearl sac. The concept of the pearl sac fluid which was proved to be a thin layer of fluid between the epithelium and the surface of the pearl-core or pearl was proposed in this paper; the nucleation and early growth of the CaCO_3crystals takes place within the pearl sac fluid.