浙江省土壤侵蚀及其防治对策

The soil erosion anb its comprehensive management in Zhejiang province

浙江省位于我国东南沿海,地形以山地丘陵为主。由于自然条件和人为因素的影响,土壤侵蚀严重,致使土地退化,河床、水库淤高,生态环境恶化,水旱灾害加剧,成为浙江省农业生产和国民经济发展的一大制约因素。根据造成本省土壤侵蚀的原因及特点,提岀了综合防治土壤侵蚀、恢复和保持生态平衡的建议。

Zhejiang is located in south-eastern China with the Latitude of 27°3′—31°31′ N and Lhe longitude of 118°—123°E.In Zhejiang,the moun- tain and hill areas make up 70.4% of its total area. Owing to the effect of both physiographical factors(rock character, landform,soil,vegetation and rainfall,etc.)and anthropogenic factors (deforestation,land reclamation on steep slops and irrational use of Land resource,etc.),the area of soil erosion has been extending and the erosion degree intensifying.The serious soil erosion accelerates the barrenness of soil,and silts up reservoirs and river course.It also agg- ravates the disasters of floods and droughts,thus leads to the deteroira- lion of the ecological environment. In this paper,the authors put forward specific proposals in six aspe- cts:1.overall planning and comprehensive management;2.strengthen- ing the harmony and cooperation among the relevant departments;3. raising the enthusiasm of the peasants to control the soil erosion;4. solving the contradiction of the lack of energy sources in the country- side and moderating deforestation;5.earnestly implementing the policies to close off afforested mountains for protection;6.improving farming methods to change cultivation following slopes into contour lines.