黄土滑坡的模型试验研究

The Study of Loess Slide by Model Test

黄土滑坡主要有以下几方面的特征:①地形地貌和黄土层中的软弱层带控制着滑坡的分布和规模;②降水入渗及地下水位升高是激发滑坡的主要因素;③地面变形和裂缝是滑坡产生的征兆。根据模型试验的结果,对黄土滑坡体内变形过程、滑坡体内软弱层带的作用、滑坡体结构的长期效应、滑坡裂缝扩展过程与滑动的关系以及降水对滑坡滑动的影响进行了分析,同时也对滑坡的计算分析和预报提出了一些新的看法。

The study of mechanism and process of loess slide is impor- tant in theory and practice a lot of investigation shows thai there are some characterstics on loess slide:(a)the distribution and scale of sl- ide aregorerned by either geographic and geomorphic conditions or soft- strarum in loess layer;(b)rainfall inleaking and groundwater table li- firing are recognized as mojor factor that excite slide(c)earth surface deformation and cracking are omens of slide.Based on the investigaton of field and the theory of similarity,the authers conduct aseries of model test in which the microcomputer is used to monitor the process of slide and to collect the dais.According to the results of the model test, the deformation process of slide,the influence of soft strarum on slide, the long-term effect of slide structure,the relation between crack expen- sion process and slide,and the influence of rainfall on slide are analy- zied,some new view of slide analyzing and forcastting is also develo- ped in this paper.