血清脂蛋白胆固醇电泳法与传统法的比较

Electrophoresis and the traditional method for the measurement of lipoprotein cholesterol in serum

目的 :比较电泳法与传统法在测定血清脂蛋白胆固醇中的优缺点。方法 :电泳法用Helena电泳系统测定 4种脂蛋白胆固醇 ,用磷钨酸 镁沉淀法或直接法测定高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C) ,用F 公式计算低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)。结果 :电泳法可清楚地分离 4种脂蛋白区带 ,6 8份正常人标本中 ,仅 6例可见LP(a)区带 ,占 8.82 %。血清HDL C ,LP(a) C ,VLDL C及LDL C参考值分别为 :1.16～ 2 .19,0～ 0 .2 2 ,0 .0 7～ 0 .4 7及 1.86～ 3.4 6mmol·L-1。电泳法与沉淀法测定HDL C ,二者比较差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但用F 公式计算LDL C ,则二者比较差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 )。电泳法与直接法比较 ,无论是HDL C或LDL C的测定均差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :F 公式计算LDL C不适宜临床应用。电泳法一步直接定量测定 4种脂蛋白胆固醇浓度 ,方法简便 。

Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of electrophoresis with the traditional method in measuring lipoprotein cholesterol in serum. Methods Four lipoprotein cholesterols were determined by the Helena electrophoretic system. Quantification of high density lipoprotein choleterol(HDL C) was performed by phosphotungstate magnesium precipitation or direct HDL C assay. The concentration of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL C) was calculated by F equation. Results Four lipoprotein zones were segregated distinctly by the electrophoretic method. Lp(a) zone appeared only in 6 out of 68 normal samples (8.82%). Reference values of HDL C, Lp(a) C, VLDL C, and LDL C in serum were 1.16～2.19, 0～0.22, 0.07～0.47, and 1.86～3.46 mmol·L -1 , respectively. When comparing the results by electrophoresis with those by the precipitation method for HDL C, no significant difference was found (P>0.05); but there was a significant difference between electrophoresis and F formula calculation for LDL C (P<0.05). When comparing results of electrophoresis with the direct method, we found significant differences in both HDL C and LDL C (P<0.01). Conclusion F formula used for calculating LDL C is not appropriate to clinical application. Electrophoresis allows the quantification of HDL C, VLDL C, LP(a) C, and LDL C. The method is simple, convenient, and appropriate to routine application.